As the world turns its gaze on mental health on March 30, we delve into the significance of World Bipolar Awareness Day.
Image: Pexels
March 30, marks World Bipolar Awareness Day, a day dedicated to shedding light on one of the most misunderstood mental health conditions.
Bipolar Disorder, often cloaked in stigma and misinformation, affects millions globally, including many in South Africa.
This year, the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) takes the lead in championing awareness, urging us to challenge misconceptions, amplify understanding and foster a supportive environment for those living with this condition.
At its core, bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain condition characterised by extreme mood swings that range from manic highs (euphoric, irritable or overly energetic) to depressive lows (profound sadness, hopelessness or lack of energy).
These shifts are not your average mood changes, they are far more intense and can significantly impact daily life, relationships and work.
There are three primary types of bipolar disorder:
Symptoms of bipolar disorder vary depending on the type and severity but may include the following:
Manic or hypomanic episodes:
Depressive episodes:
Understanding these symptoms is vital, particularly because bipolar disorder often goes undiagnosed or misdiagnosed, leading to unnecessary suffering.
There are three primary types of Bipolar Disorder, each presenting unique challenges.
Image: Pexels.
Despite its prevalence, bipolar disorder is surrounded by myths that perpetuate stigma.
Myth: Bipolar disorder is just mood swings.
Fact: It is a medical condition that causes extreme, prolonged mood changes, requiring treatment.
Myth: People with bipolar disorder can’t lead normal lives.
Fact: Many individuals with bipolar disorder are thriving as professionals, parents and creatives with the right support and treatment.
Myth: Bipolar disorder is rare.
Fact: Globally, it affects up to 4% of the population. In South Africa, this translates to a substantial number of people, often living in silence.
Myth: People with bipolar disorder are dangerous.
Fact: Most are not violent or unpredictable. Stigma, not the condition itself, is more harmful.
Breaking these myths is not just about awareness, it’s about creating a culture that supports individuals living with bipolar disorder.
As SADAG’s support group leader Natasha highlights: “When we challenge these myths, we humanise the illness and help people feel less alone.”
Bipolar disorder is highly heritable, with genetic factors accounting for approximately 80% of cases. If one parent has the condition, there’s a 10% chance their child will develop it. This risk increases to 40% if both parents are diagnosed.
However, genetics is only part of the story.
Certain triggers, such as substance use (eg: cocaine and ecstasy), medications like corticosteroids, or even life events like pregnancy, can exacerbate symptoms or lead to a first episode.
Recognising these triggers and early warning signs is critical in managing the condition.
Dr Leverne Mountany, a leading psychiatrist, emphasises: “Education helps people feel safer to seek support and speak openly about their mental health.”
Living with bipolar disorder is not a life sentence, it’s a journey that, with the right tools, can be navigated successfully.
Treatment often includes:
SADAG is playing a pivotal role in this year’s World Bipolar Awareness Day by providing free resources, videos and support groups.
Visit their website for toolkits, webinars and expert insights designed to empower individuals and families.
For more information, visit the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) at www.sadag.org.